Profile distortion is demonstrated to have pronounced effects on Wood anomalies. Chapter 8 is devoted to a study of the agreement between experimental efficiency measurements and theoretical calculations for the three most important types of grating profile - the triangular form the same form including land and the quasi-sinusoidal shape. The wide range of profiles which may be generated with such a system is demonstrated. Consideration is then given to the flexibility of arrangements for the formation of holographic gratings and an experimental system is discussed which fully utilizes this flexibility. This method is shown to give results in good agreement with all experimental observations of such profiles. In Chapter 7 a theoretical method for the calculation of the profiles of holographic diffraction gratings produced in photoresist is described. ![]() In Chapter 6 diffraction gratings having optimized sinusoidal groove profiles are shown to have blaze properties comparable with those of triangular profile gratings of the same line density. For triangular profile gratings it is shown that in general groove apex angles close to 90 degrees are to be preferred rather than the larger angles 1100 to 120°(as recommended by G.W. Chapters 5 and 6 discuss the results of theoretical studies of blaze optimization. In Chapter 4 the behaviour of gratings having deeper grooves is examined and properties of both P and S polarization anomalies are investigated. In Chapter 3 attention is confined to gratings whose grooves are shallow compared with the wavelength of the incident radiation and thus to S polarization anomalies. Chapters 3 and 4 consider the theoretical properties of diffraction grating anomalies. (The fifth formulism does not lend itself to direct comparison with the others.) The rigorous theories are validated by comparisons of their predictions with experimental measurements. The improvements in accuracy and domain of applicability given by each new method over its predecessor are demonstrated numerically for four of the five formulisms. In Chapter 2 five theoretical formulations are considered in some detail. The experimental techniques available for testing the theories are considered, and an account is given of investigations into \anomalous\" properties of gratings. The evolution of theoretical formulisms for describing the diffraction by gratings is also described. ![]() Chapter 1 outlines the development of both ruling and holographic techniques for the production of diffraction gratings.
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